ResearchResearch
The following, mostly referenced research can be found on PubMed. Pubmed includes over 15 million citations from MEDLINE and other life science journals for biomedical articles back to the 1950s. PubMed includes links to full text articles and other related resources. Pubmed is a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine and the National Institutes of Health. Other research sources have been included for your convenience.
For additional articles relating to minerals and other natural health issues please refer to our Articlespage.
Magnesium
Role of Magnesium in Insulin Action, Diabetes, and Cardio-Metabolic SyndromeBarbagallo M, Dominguez LJ, Galioto A, Ferlisi A, Cani C, Malfa L, Pineo A, Busardo' A, Paolisso G.
Mol Aspects Med. 2003 Feb-Jun; 24 (1-3):39-52.
Magnanese
Limited Role of Transferrin in Manganese Transport to the Brain
Elise A. Malecki
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/131/5/1584
High Dietary Manganese Lowers Heart Magnesium in Pigs Fed a Low-Magnesium Diet1
Kevin B. Miller*, Joel S. Caton*, Denice M. Schafer**, David J. Smith and John W. Finley**2
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/8/2032
Boron
Boron Supplementation of a Semipurified Diet for Weanling Pigs Improves Feed Efficiency and Bone Strength Characteristics and Alters Plasma Lipid Metabolites
Calcium
Effect of Reproduction on the Bioavailability of Calcium, Zinc and Selenium
Janet C. King
Casein Phosphopeptides Influence Calcium Uptake by Cultured Human Intestinal HT-29 Tumor Cells
Anita Ferraretto, Alessandra Signorile, Claudia Gravaghi, Amelia Fiorilli and Guido Tettamanti
Transgalactooligosaccharides Stimulate Calcium Absorption in Postmenopausal Women
Ellen G. H. M. van den Heuvel, Margriet H. C. Schoterman and Theo Muijs
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/12/2938
Chromium
The Biochemistry of Chromium
John B. Vincent
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/4/715
High Chromium Yeast Supplementation Improves Glucose Tolerance in Pigs by Decreasing Hepatic Extraction of Insulin
Xinfu Guan, Jacques J. Matte, Pao K. Ku, Janet L. Snow, Jeanne L. Burton and Nathalie L. Trottier
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/5/1274
Cobalt
Vitamin B-12 Deficiency and Hyperhomocysteinemia Are Partly Ameliorated by Cobalt and Nickel Supplementation in Pigs
G. I. Stangl, D. A. Roth-Maier and M. Kirchgessner
Iodine
Iodine and Neuropsychological Development
Basil S. Hetzel
Serum Thyroglobulin and Urinary Iodine Concentration Are the Most Appropriate Indicators of Iodine Status and Thyroid Function under Conditions of Increasing Iodine Supply in Schoolchildren in Benin
Tina van den Briel, Clive E. West, Joseph G.A.J. Hautvast, Thomas Vulsma, Jan J. M. de Vijlder and Eric A. Ategbo
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/131/10/2701
Zinc
Zinc Halts ColdsZinc lozenges have been used to treat the common cold for a number of years, but research results on their effectiveness have been contradictory. Now, a comprehensive, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted by Ananda Prasad, M.D., Ph.D., of Wayne State University in Detroit has shown that zinc lozenges work.
Zinc, Not Iron, May Be the Answer to AnemiaPrevious surveys show pregnant women's diets are woefully low in zinc. This study suggests anemic patients should be counseled about eating diets high in both zinc and iron, rather than simply taking iron supplements.
Dietary Zinc Deficiency Decreases Glutathione S-Transferase Expression in the Rat Olfactory Epithelium Hideaki Kudo, Yoshiaki Doi, Tomoko Nishino, Soichiro Nara, Kunshige Hamasaki and Sunao Fujimoto
Hiroshi Hara, Ayako Konishi and Takanori Kasai
Chelation of Zinc Amplifies Induction of Growth Hormone mRNA Levels in Cultured Rat Pituitary Tumor Cells
Maria P. Sciaudone, Subrata Chattopadhyay and Hedley C. Freake
Causes of Iron and Zinc Deficiencies and Their Effects on Brain
Harold H. Sandstead
Moderate Zinc-Iron Deprivation Influences Behavior but Not Growth in Adolescent Rhesus Monkeys
Mari S. Golub, Carl L. Keen and M. Eric Gershwin
Dietary Zinc and Iron Sources, Physical Growth and Cognitive Development of Breastfed Infants
Nancy F. Krebs
Behavioral Data and Methodology Issues in Studies of Zinc Nutrition in Humans
James G. Penland
History of Zinc as Related to Brain Function
Harold H. Sandstead, Christopher J. Frederickson and James G. Penland
High Oat-Bran Intake Does Not Impair Zinc Absorption in Humans When Added to a Low-Fiber Animal Protein-Based Diet
Brittmarie Sandström, Susanne Bügel, Brian A. McGaw, John Price and Martin D. Reid
Zn-Depleted Mice Absorb More of an Intragastric Zn Solution by a Metallothionein-Enhanced Process Than Do Zn-Replete Mice
Peter Coyle, Jeffrey C. Philcox and Allan M. Rofe
Human Zinc Deficiency
Michael Hambidge
Assessment of Marginal Zinc Status in Humans
Richard J. Wood
Kinetics of Zinc Metabolism: Variation with Diet, Genetics and Disease
Meryl E. Wastney, William A. House, Ramon M. Barnes and Kolinjavadi N. Siva Subramanian
Zinc Homeostasis in Humans
Janet C. King, David M. Shames and Leslie R. Woodhouse
Zinc Intake of the U.S. Population: Findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994
Ronette R. Briefel, Karil Bialostosky, Jocelyn Kennedy-Stephenson, Margaret A. McDowell, R. Bethene Ervin and Jacqueline D. Wright
Overview of Zinc Absorption and Excretion in the Human Gastrointestinal Tract
Nancy F. Krebs
Dietary Factors Influencing Zinc Absorption
Bo Lönnerdal
Integrative Aspects of Zinc Transporters
Robert J. Cousins and Robert J. McMahon
Zinc Deficiency, Malnutrition and the Gastrointestinal Tract
Raul A. Wapnir
Regulation of Intestinal Gene Expression by Dietary Zinc: Induction of Uroguanylin mRNA by Zinc Deficiency
Raymond K. Blanchard and Robert J. Cousins
The Dynamic Link between the Integrity of the Immune System and Zinc Status
Pamela J. Fraker, Louis E. King, Tonya Laakko and Teresa L. Vollmer
Zinc-Altered Immune Function and Cytokine Production
Lothar Rink and Holger Kirchner
Zinc Deficiency Impairs Immune Responses against Parasitic Nematode Infections at Intestinal and Systemic Sites
Marilyn E. Scott and Kristine G. Koski
Zinc Status in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Marianna K. Baum, Gail Shor-Posner and Adriana Campa
Therapeutic Application of Zinc in Human Immunodeficiency Virus against Opportunistic Infections
Eugenio Mocchegiani and Mario Muzzioli
Role of Zinc in Plasma Membrane Function
Boyd L. O’Dell
Function and Mechanism of Zinc Metalloenzymes
Keith A. McCall, Chih-chin Huang and Carol A. Fierke
The Antioxidant Properties of Zinc
Saul R. Powell
The Function of Zinc Metallothionein: A Link between Cellular Zinc and Redox State
Wolfgang Maret
Cellular Zinc Fluxes and the Regulation of Apoptosis/Gene-Directed Cell Death
Q. Truong-Tran, L. H. Ho, F. Chai and P. D. Zalewski
Metallothionein, Nitric Oxide and Zinc Homeostasis in Vascular Endothelial Cells
Linda L. Pearce, Karla Wasserloos, Claudette M. St. Croix, Robin Gandley, Edwin S. Levitan and Bruce R. Pitt
Importance of Zinc in the Central Nervous System: The Zinc-Containing Neuron
Christopher J. Frederickson, Sang Won Suh, David Silva, Cathy J. Frederickson and Richard B. Thompson
Zinc Transport in the Brain: Routes of Zinc Influx and Efflux in Neurons
Robert A. Colvin, Nancy Davis, R. William Nipper and Philip A. Carter
Alzheimer’s Disease, ß-Amyloid Protein and Zinc
Xudong Huang, Math P. Cuajungco, Craig S. Atwood, Robert D. Moir, Rudolph E. Tanzi and Ashley I. Bush
Neurobiology of Zinc-Influenced Eating Behavior
Neil F. Shay and Heather F. Mangian
The Role of Zinc in Growth and Cell Proliferation
Ruth S. MacDonald
Zinc in Relation to Diabetes and Oxidative Disease
Robert A. DiSilvestro
Zinc and the Common Cold: A Meta-Analysis Revisited
Jeffrey L. Jackson, Emil Lesho and Cecily Peterson
The Age-Related Eye Disease Study: A Clinical Trial of Zinc and Antioxidants—Age-Related Eye Disease Study Report No. 2
Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group
Supplementation with L-Histidine during Dietary Zinc Repletion Improves Short-Term Memory in Zinc-Restricted Young Adult Male Rats
Karen A. Keller, Ye Chu, Arthur Grider and Julie A. Coffield
Expression of the p53 Tumor Suppressor Gene Is Up-Regulated by Depletion of Intracellular Zinc in HepG2 Cells
Scott K. Reaves, Jessica C. Fanzo, K. Arima, John Y. J. Wu, Yi Ran Wang and Kai Y. Lei
Metallothionein in Mice Reduces Intestinal Zinc Loss during Acute Endotoxin Inflammation, but Not during Starvation or Dietary Zinc Restriction
Jeffrey C. Philcox, Marieke Sturkenboom, Peter Coyle and Allan M. Rofe
Regulation of Intestinal Apolipoprotein B mRNA Editing Levels by a Zinc-Deficient Diet and cDNA Cloning of Editing Protein in Hamsters
Scott K. Reaves, John Y. J. Wu, Yan Wu, Jessica C. Fanzo, Yi Ran Wang, Polin P. Lei and Kai Y. Lei
Dietary Phytate Reduction Improves Zinc Absorption in Malawian Children Recovering from Tuberculosis but Not in Well Children
Mark J. Manary, Christine Hotz, Nancy F. Krebs, Rosalind S. Gibson, Jamie E. Westcott, Thomas Arnold, Robin L. Broadhead and K. Michael Hambidge
Short-Term Zinc Deficiency Affects Nuclear Factor-B Nuclear Binding Activity in Rat Testes
Patricia I. Oteiza, Michael S. Clegg and Carl L. Keen
Differential Regulation of Zinc Transporter 1, 2, and 4 mRNA Expression by Dietary Zinc in Rats
Juan P. Liuzzi, Raymond K. Blanchard and Robert J. Cousins
Long-Term Zinc Deficiency Decreases Taste Sensitivity in Rats
Tomoko Goto, Michio Komai, Hitoshi Suzukiand Yuji Furukawa
Actions and Interactions of Thyroid Hormone and Zinc Status in Growing Rats
Hedley C. Freake, Kristen E. Govoni, Krishna Guda, Chunli Huang and Steven A. Zinn
Reduced Growth and Skeletal Changes in Zinc-Deficient Growing Rats Are Due to Impaired Growth Plate Activity and Inanition
Laura Rossi, Silvia Migliaccio, Alessandro Corsi, Marilena Marzia, Paolo Bianco, Anna Teti, Loretta Gambelli, Stefano Cianfarani, Flavio Paoletti and Francesco Branca
Zinc Has an Insulin-Like Effect on Glucose Transport Mediated by Phosphoinositol-3-Kinase and Akt in 3T3-L1 Fibroblasts and Adipocytes
Xiao-han Tang,and Neil F. Shay
Dietary Zinc Deficiency and Repletion Modulate Metallothionein Immunolocalization and Concentration in Small Intestine and Liver of Rats
Elzbieta I. Szczurek, Chris S. Bjornssonand Carla G. Taylor
Sodium
Glucose Is Absorbed in a Sodium-Dependent Manner from Forestomach Contents of Sheep
Jörg R. Aschenbach3, Sudershan K. Bhatia*, Helga Pfannkuche and Gotthold Gäbel
Iron
Weekly Supplementation with Iron and Vitamin A during Pregnancy Increases Hemoglobin Concentration but Decreases Serum Ferritin Concentration in Indonesian Pregnant Women
Siti Muslimatun, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Werner Schultink, Clive E. West, Joseph G.A.J. Hautvast, Rainer, Grossand Muhilal
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/131/1/85
Variations in Dietary Iron Alter Behavior in Developing Rats
Domingo J. Piñero, Byron C. Jonesand John L. Beard
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/131/2/311
Defining Iron-Deficiency Anemia in Public Health Terms: A Time for Reflection
Rebecca J. Stoltzfus
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/131/2/565S
Iron Biology in Immune Function, Muscle Metabolism and Neuronal Functioning
John L. Beard
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/131/2/568S
Biological Mechanisms That Might Underlie Iron’s Effects on Fetal Growth and Preterm Birth
Lindsay H. Allen
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/131/2/581S
Is There a Causal Relationship between Iron Deficiency or Iron-Deficiency Anemia and Weight at Birth, Length of Gestation and Perinatal Mortality?
Kathleen M. Rasmussen
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/131/2/590S
An Analysis of Anemia and Pregnancy-Related Maternal Mortality
Bernard J. Brabin, Mohammad Hakimi and David Pelletier
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/131/2/604S
Iron and Its Relation to Immunity and Infectious Disease
Stephen J. Oppenheimer
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/131/2/616S
An Analysis of Anemia and Child Mortality
Bernard J. Brabin, Zulfiqarali Premji and Francine Verhoeff
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/131/2/636S
A Review of Studies on the Effect of Iron Deficiency on Cognitive Development in Children
Sally Gratham-McGregor and Cornelius Ani
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/131/2/649S
The Developmental and Probabilistic Nature of the Functional Consequences of Iron-Deficiency Anemia in Children
Ernesto Pollitt
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/131/2/669S
Iron Deficiency and Reduced Work Capacity: A Critical Review of the Research to Determine a Causal Relationship
Jere D. Haas and Thomas Brownlie, IV
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/131/2/676S
Commentary on "Evidence That Iron Deficiency Anemia Causes Reduced Work Capacity"
Sue Horton and Carol Levin
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/131/2/691S
Iron
Susan J. Fairweather-Tait
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/131/4/1383S
Postpubertal Development of the Rat Mammary Gland Is Preserved during Iron Deficiency
Constance J. Grill, Wendie S. Cohick and Adria R. Sherman
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/131/5/1444
Elevated Iron Status Increases Bacterial Invasion and Survival and Alters Cytokine/Chemokine mRNA Expression in Caco-2 Human Intestinal Cells
Susan L. Foster, Stephen H. Richardsonand Mark L. Failla
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/131/5/1452
Iron Deficiency Alters the Progression of Mitogen-Treated Murine Splenic Lymphocytes through the Cell Cycle
Solo R. Kuvibidila, Connie Porrettaand B. Surendra Baliga
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/131/7/2028
Weekly Vitamin A and Iron Supplementation during Pregnancy Increases Vitamin A Concentration of Breast Milk but Not Iron Status in Indonesian Lactating Women
Siti Muslimatun, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Clive E. West, Werner Schultink, Joseph G. A. J. Hautvastand Darwin Karyadi
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/131/10/2664
Variations in Dietary Iron Alter Brain Iron Metabolism in Developing Rats
Domingo J. Piñero, Nan-Qian Li, James R. Connor and John L. Beard
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/2/254
Improving Adolescent Iron Status before Childbearing
Kathleen M. Kurz and Rae Galloway
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/2/437S
Iron Requirements in Adolescent Females
John L. Beard
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/2/440S
Anemia, Iron and Pregnancy Outcome
Theresa O. Scholl and Thomas Reilly
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/2/443S
The Potential Impact of Iron Supplementation during Adolescence on Iron Status in Pregnancy
Sean R. Lynch
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/2/448S
Supplementation with Iron and Folic Acid Enhances Growth in Adolescent Indian Girls
Shubhada J. Kanani and Rashmi H. Poojara
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/2/452S
Reaching Young Indonesian Women through Marriage Registries: An Innovative Approach for Anemia Control
Idrus Jus’at, Endang L. Achadi, Rae Galloway, Arvin Dyanto, Ali Zazri, Gunawan Supratikto, Lara Zizic and Leslie Elder
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/2/456S
Improving Dietary Intake to Prevent Anemia in Adolescent Girls through Community Kitchens in a Periurban Population of Lima, Peru
Hilary M. Creed-Kanashiro, Tula G. Uribe, Rosario M. Bartolini, Mary N. Fukumoto, Teresa T. López, Nelly M. Zavaleta and Margaret E. Bentley
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/2/459S
Efficacy and Acceptability of Two Iron Supplementation Schedules in Adolescent School Girls in Lima, Peru
Nelly Zavaleta, Graciela Respicio and Teresa Garcia
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/2/462S
Time Course of and Effect of Dietary Iron Level on Iron Incorporation into Erythrocytes by Infants
Samuel J. Fomon, Robert E. Serfass, Steven E. Nelson, Ronald R. Rogers and Joan A. Frantz
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/3/541
Both Iron Deficiency and Daily Iron Supplements Increase Lipid Peroxidation in Rats
Mitchell D. Knutson, Patrick B. Walter, Bruce N. Ames and Fernando E. Viteri
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/3/621
Iron Deficiency Is a More Important Cause of Anemia than Hemoglobinopathies in Kuwaiti Adolescent Girls
Robert T. Jackson and Zamzam Al-Mousa
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/5/1212
Kinetic Analysis Shows That Iron Deficiency Decreases Liver Vitamin A Mobilization in Rats
Jing-Tsz Jang, Joanne Balmer Green, John L. Beard and Michael H. Green
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/5/1291
Canthaxanthin Supplementation Alters Antioxidant Enzymes and Iron Concentration in Liver of Balb/c Mice
Paola Palozza, Gabriella Calviello, Maria Emilia De Leo, Simona Serini and Gianna Maria Bartoli
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/5/1303
Malaria, Hookworms and Recent Fever Are Related to Anemia and Iron Status Indicators in 0- to 5-y Old Zanzibari Children and These Relationships Change with Age
Rebecca J. Stoltzfus, Hababu M. Chwaya, Antonio Montresor, Marco Albonico, Lorenzo Savioli and James M. Tielsch
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/7/1724
Nutritional Factors and Infectious Disease Contribute to Anemia among Pregnant Women with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Tanzania
Gretchen Antelman, Gernard I. Msamanga, Donna Spiegelman, Ernest J. N. Urassa, Raymond Narh, David J. Hunter and Wafaie W. Fawzi
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/8/1950
Iron Bioavailability in Humans from Breakfasts Enriched with Iron Bis-Glycine Chelate, Phytates and Polyphenols
Miguel Layrisse, María Nieves García-Casal, Liseti Solano, María Adela Barón, Franklin Arguello, Daisy Llovera, José Ramírez, Irene Leets and Eleonora Tropper
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/9/2195
Prenatal Iron Supplements Impair Zinc Absorption in Pregnant Peruvian Women
Kimberly O. O’Brien, Nelly Zavaleta, Laura E. Caulfield, Jianping Wen and Steven A. Abrams
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/9/2251
Iron Status and Stores Decline with Age in Lewis Rats
Namanjeet Ahluwalia, Margaret A. Gordon, Gordon Handte, Michael Mahlon, Nan-Qian Li, John L. Beard, Daniel Weinstock and A. Catharine Ross
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/9/2378
Hookworms, Malaria and Vitamin A Deficiency Contribute to Anemia and Iron Deficiency among Pregnant Women in the Plains of Nepal
Michele L. Dreyfuss, Rebecca J. Stoltzfus, Jaya B. Shrestha, Elizabeth K. Pradhan, Steven C. LeClerq, Subarna K. Khatry, Sharada R. Shrestha, Joanne Katz, Marco Albonico and Keith P. West, Jr.
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/10/2527
Daily Iron Supplementation Is More Effective than Twice Weekly Iron Supplementation in Pregnant Women in Pakistan in a Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial
Zubia Mumtaz, Saqib Shahab, Naila Butt, M. Abdur Rab and Aime DeMuynck
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/11/2697
Chronic Marginal Iron Intakes during Early Development in Mice Result in Persistent Changes in Dopamine Metabolism and Myelin Composition
Catherine L. Kwik-Uribe, Dorothy Gietzen, J. Bruce German, Mari S. Golub and Carl L. Keen
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/11/2821
Iron Deficiency Alters Dopamine Transporter Functioning in Rat Striatum
Keith M. Erikson, Byron C. Jones and John L. Beard
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/full/130/11/2831
Other minerals
The Other Bone BuildersPotassium, Magnesium, and Fruit and Vegetable Intakes are Associated with Greater Bone Mineral Density in Elderly Men and Women.
Boron is a Beneficial Bone Builder...In humans, the highest concentration of boron is found in the bones of healthy individuals, indicating one of boron's potential benefits, the ability to protect us from osteoporosis.
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